Mark 2:23-28
2nd Sunday after Pentecost

June 14, 2009

 

 

Mark 2:23-28 (New International Version) 

Lord of the Sabbath

23One Sabbath Jesus was going through the grain fields, and as his disciples walked along, they began to pick some heads of grain. 24The Pharisees said to him, "Look, why are they doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?"

 25He answered, "Have you never read what David did when he and his companions were hungry and in need? 26In the days of Abiathar the high priest, he entered the house of God and ate the consecrated bread, which is lawful only for priests to eat. And he also gave some to his companions."

 27Then he said to them, "The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath. 28So the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath."

 

 

 

Has it ever happened that someone made a special day just for you?  Maybe it was a special birthday or anniversary!  Maybe it was your graduation day or your retirement day. Several weeks ago we celebrated Mother’s day and next weekend we will celebrate Father’s day.  Each year we set those days aside just for mom and dad. Wouldn’t it be great if there were more special days set aside for each one of us, days on which we received all kinds of special gifts, a day on which we could sit back, put up our feet and rest!

            Well there is such a day that was made for each of us. Jesus talked about it in our gospel lesson for today. It’s called the “Sabbath” day. Did you hear what Jesus said about the Sabbath day?  He said, “Man was not made for the Sabbath, but the Sabbath for man.”  In a very real sense Jesus is saying that God made a special day just for you and me on which he wants us to rest and on which he wants to give us some pretty special things. Let us prayerfully consider what Jesus meant when he said, “THE SABBATH WAS MADE FOR MAN!”

I. Not to burden him

II. But to bless him

            The event in our text is one of the many confrontations between Jesus and the Pharisees. One Sabbath day Jesus and his disciples were going through some grain fields. Since they were hungry, the disciples began to pick some grain and eat it.  Now when the Pharisees saw this, they swooped down just like vultures to accuse Jesus and his disciples of breaking the Sabbath Day laws.

            At first it seemed like their charge was valid.  The Law of Moses stated that no work was to be done on the Sabbath! But the Pharisees completely misunderstood the spirit and purpose of the Sabbath day law as well as the rest of God’s law.  They considered the law of Moses, be it one of the Ten Commandments or any other ceremonial law, as a way to earn salvation. In addition they expected the people to obey all the other laws they added to God’s law. For example, just in regard to the Sabbath Law, the Jews added 39 more laws.  They made it a sin to walk more than 1,000 steps or to pick up sticks for a fire, or to take care of the sick or dying, and on and on and on.  You get the picture. Talk about piling on! And they allowed no exception, at least not for other people.  And so you see how they had taken the Old Testament Sabbath day intended to be a day of rest and they turned into work, a burden of trying to earn God’s favor. 

            Fortunately for the disciples Jesus was there to defend their actions, and fortunately for us the Lord of the Sabbath helps us to under what the Sabbath Day Law was all about. To show that God is more concerned about the sincerity of the heart by faith rather than outward conformity to law, Jesus cites an example from the Old Testament to defend the actions of his disciples.  “Haven’t you read what David did when he and his companions were hungry and in need?  In the days of Abiathar the high priest, he entered the house of God and ate the consecrated bread, which was lawful only for priests to eat.  And he also gave some to his companions. Then he said to them, ‘The sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.’”

            In the Temple area there was a special table on which twelve loaves of bread were placed, symbolizing the 12 tribes of Israel and its praise to God for providing all that was needed for body and life.  Each Saturday, according to Levitical law, the 12 loaves were replaced with 12 fresh loaves and only the priests were to eat the bread taken from that table. On one occasion when David and his men were fleeing from Saul who was trying to kill him, the high priest let David and his men eat some of that bread.  Was that wrong?  The greater law of law must always supersede. The purpose of that showbread law was to provide food for the priest, not cause others to starve to death. So if David and his men were not guilty of breaking that showbread law because they ate to stay alive, Jesus’ disciples were not guilty of breaking the Sabbath by eating grain they had picked from the field.

            What does this incident, which took place about 2,000 years ago, have to do with us in 2009, especially since Christ has brought an end to the ceremonial laws?  First of all, we are reminded that God’s Law, be it the 10 Commandments or any of the ceremonial laws, was not given by God as a way for man to earn eternal life. The main purpose of the Law is to be a handmaiden to the Gospel by exposing sin and our need for a Savior. But when you study the Law you see that through each of his Commands God is trying to protect blessings he wants to channel to us.  For example, in the Fourth commandment he is protecting the blessings he wants to channel to us through the family and in the Sixth Commandment he is protecting the blessings he wants to channel to us through marriage.  What blessings God intends for us through the Sabbath Day law we’ll discuss later.  But for now let us note that the Sabbath Day law nor any other of God’s Law is a way to earn heaven. What a burden that would be!  God did not make man for the Sabbath but the Sabbath for man.

            Another thing we can take from this account is the necessity of defending our Christ liberty.  As we heard in the second lesson, the Sabbath Day law was only temporary, a shadow pointing to Jesus.  Once Jesus came, there was no more need for the shadow.  In other words, we can now work on Saturday and worship on other days.  We don’t have to be circumcised and we don’t have to bring sheep to church for the pastors to sacrifice on the altar.  And so, we must be on guard that no one puts that burden on us again. And that can so easily happen.  For example, in the Old Testament there were a lot of dietary laws that were part of the ceremonial code. Besides providing a healthy diet those laws were again put in place as a shadow of things to come.  With the coming of Christ we are free from those diet laws too.  But today, especially on Christian TV and radio shows and on the bookshelves of Christian bookstores, there are all kinds of programs and books encouraging getting back to the dietary laws of the Old Testament.  Now if someone wants to do that as a way of eating a healthier diet, that’s one thing. But if some think that that will bring them closer to God or make their salvation more secure or make them a better Christian than a Christian who wants to eat a Big Mac at MacDonald’s, then that is wrong.  God did not give those ceremonial laws including the Sabbath day law as a way to earn heaven.  That’s placing a burden on us that God did not intend.  The Sabbath was made for us, not us for the Sabbath.

            II. So if God made the Sabbath for us, and he did not intend it to be a burden for us, then why did the Jews have to observe it?  And if the Ceremonial Law, which included the Sabbath day law ended when Christ came, then why do we still teach, “You shall remember the Sabbath Day by keeping it holy?”

            As we learned in confirmation class the word “Sabbath” means “rest.”  And so from Sunday until Friday the Jews could work.  But come Saturday, they were to set aside their work and dedicate the day to the Lord to commemorate Israel’s deliverance from slavery in Egypt. But there was more.  The Sabbath was also a shadow pointing ahead to a greater deliverance from a worse bondage; not rest from physical labors and burdens, but a rest from the burden of sin and the captivity of death, and rest from the burden of having to worry about earning heaven and staying out of hell. Who was going to bring that kind of rest?  You know.  Jesus.  That’s why he is the Lord of the Sabbath.  He is the REAL REST GIVER!

            How did Jesus do all that for us?  Because he knew that no one could ever keep the Sabbath Day law perfectly, he did that for us.  Think of how Mary and Joseph found the twelve-year-old boy Jesus in the Temple studying God’s Word with the teachers of the law!  Think of how it was his custom every Saturday to go the synagogue.  He kept the Sabbath Day law perfectly and he did that just for you, and you, and me. For the times we violate God’s holy will regarding observing the Sabbath, he also suffered the punishment on the cross, washing away that guilt in his precious blood.  Having done all that was necessary to win our salvation, he offers rest in  the forgiveness of sins and promises eternal rest in heaven. 

            So how do we receive that rest for our souls and how can we enter the eternal rest God wants us to have in heaven? You know that answer to that too!  We find that rest in God’s Word!  We receive that rest by faith in Jesus and trusting his promises.  Because this is so, Martin Luther correctly connected the Sabbath Day Law with the use of God’s Word.  Whenever we use God’s Word in church, at home, in our private meditations and family devotions we are observing the “Sabbath”

             That leads us to the all-important question. We know that we don’t have to worship on Saturday, but we know that we should be coming to church. Why? Yes, to obey God’s injunction through his apostle, “Let us not forsake the assembling of ourselves together.”  But again, “Why?” He wants to channel blessings to you.  If your heart and body are weary from the burden of sickness Jesus offers rest in the invitation “Call upon me in the day of trouble and I will deliver you.”  If your heart and soul are weary from the burden of sorrow, Jesus offers rest in the promise to work out everything for your eternal good and promises that one day in heaven he will wipe away every tear from your eyes.  In these times of economic uncertainty your heart might be weary from the burden of worry.  If so, God offers you rest in the promise that he will provide all that you need and that in heaven he has eternal treasures waiting for you that neither rust nor moth can destroy or take away.  All these promises are capped off with the most important promise of all--the promise of forgiveness which gives the ultimate rest for your soul. And so you see, the most important part of our worship here in church is not what we do for God, but what God does for us through Word and Sacrament.  Through the good news about who Jesus is and what Jesus has done, he gives us rest.  That’s how the Sabbath was made for man.  So if you are looking for a special day just for you on which you can get some rest and receive all kinds of blessings from your God, it’s found in the Sabbath!